Behind every trek in Nepal is a team: a licensed guide, and porters who carry the bags. Their work is skilled, physical and seasonal.
Quick answer: Guides lead, translate, manage acclimatisation and keep trekkers safe. Many start as porters and progress. Porters carry trekkers' bags, typically loads for two people. The IPPG sets 30 kg as the maximum load. Good companies provide fair pay, insurance, warm clothing, footwear and shelter. Most work in the two main seasons and farm or do other work in between.
A porter's day
Porters rise early, pack loads into a doko (basket) or tie duffels with a namlo (head strap), and walk at their own pace, usually reaching the lodge before trekkers. They eat dal bhat twice a day and sleep in porter quarters.
A guide's day
Guides wake first and sleep last: checking how everyone slept, ordering meals, watching for altitude symptoms, arranging rooms and calling ahead. They carry first aid and communication, and know every lodge owner on the trail.
Training and licensing
Trekking guides in Nepal are trained and licensed, covering first aid, altitude and culture. Many guides speak several languages.
Responsible trekking
- Book with a company that has a clear porter policy.
- Keep your duffel within the weight limit. See baggage limits.
- Tip at the end of the trek. See tipping in Nepal.
See also hiring a guide and porter and Sherpa culture.